Principal Difference Between Apollonius And Jesus

Ehrman s first argument delves into the history of so-called divine beings , particularly in ancient Greece and Rome, to help his argument, as he claims that Jesus was not the first, and certainly not the only, divine being in history, saying that We should not think of Jesus as unique , if by that term we mean that he was the only one like that -that is.....a man who was also in some sense divine (Ehrman 17). Ehrman s first example is Apollonius, a man whose story is very similar to Jesus. According to Ehrman, the birth of Apollonius came with divine signs from the heavens, and as an adult, he left home, traveling and preaching, collecting followers and performing miracles, and leading his followers to believe that he was the Son of God. Later, like Jesus, he too angered the Roman authorities and was put to death, though he allegedly ascended to heaven afterwards. However, the principal difference between Apollonius and Jesus was that Apollonius was a pagan, a worshiper of multip le Roman gods, who was seen by some as a competitor of Jesus, though historically, Jesus and his followers rose victorious, due to the spread of Christianity, and Apollonius remains all but forgotten to today s society. However, it wasn t just holy men who could come to be revered as divine, according to Ehrman, as he moves on to talk about how Roman emperors were often revered as gods. For instance, Julius Caesar declared that he had a divine heritage, In a funeral orationShow MoreRelatedA Picatrix Miscellany52019 Words   |  209 Pagesless strange by administering them in small doses, or to demonstrate the equal validity of the magical and philosophical material, or for a combination of all three reasons. At all events, a similar method of presentation is apparent in one of the principal sources of The Aim of the Sage, the encyclopedia of the Brethren of Purity (Ihwà ¢n al-Safà ¢). What follows is a survey of the whole, with a sketch of the sources, as far as they can at prese nt be identified. No attempt has been made to impose a logical

World Religions Paper Free Essays

World Religion Paper (Rough Draft) By: Allison Workman The religion that I have chosen for my report is Wicca. Wicca is the religion of Witchcraft also referred to as the Craft. There are many myths that are associated with the Wiccan religion. We will write a custom essay sample on World Religions Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now Witches do not perform ride brooms and they are not â€Å"bad or scary† people. In fact most witches are normal people we come in contact with every day. I have learned many interesting facts in my weeks researching this religion. At this time my site visit and interview have not been completed due to family medical problems with my source. However, the interview and site visit are both scheduled for April 3, 2011 I will attempt to submit a summary of those by mid week next week for review. Compare and Contrast Wicca and Christianity are actually quite similar in many ways. However, there are vast differences in the beliefs of the parties as well. Both Christianity and Wicca have a symbol that is prominent within the religion. Christians have the cross that represents the death of Jesus to wash away the sins of mankind. Wicca’s symbol is the pentagram. Despite the reports to the contrary the pentagram is not the symbol of a Satanist; in fact Satan does not even exist in the Wiccan culture. The pentagram is the symbol of the four elements (water, air, fire, earth) and the sprit which draws them all together. Both religions have groups that worship together. Christians call these congregations and they usually meet in a Church. When a group of witches gather to worship the group is referred to as a Coven and they generally practice outdoors though not always. Some Covens will gather at the home of the High Priestess to worship. Meeting places will differ from Coven to Coven. Many of the Ethical and Social views of these religions are similar as well. The Wiccan Rede is â€Å"If it harms none, do what you will†. Christians generally try to live by the Golden Rule. â€Å"Do unto others as you would have them do unto you†. These two phrases have a similar meaning. Both religions believe that women and men are equal in value as human beings. Both religions also accept women in secular leadership roles. All Wiccan religious groups believe that women should hold religious leadership roles as well; some denominations of the Christian faiths are accepting of this, but others still believe that men should be the religious leader of the family/church. The number of differences between these two groups is much larger that the similarities. One of the most notable is that Christianity is a monotheistic religion and Wicca is a polytheistic religion. While Christians worship God. The Wiccans worship the God and Goddess simultaneously. The Wiccan religion is all about balabance so the worship of the God and the Goddess signifies the balance, though the primary focus to a witch is the goddess. Witches accept homosexuality completely where Christians believe that homosexuality is a sin. Christians worship every Sunday and Witches worship on the 13 full moons of the years and also perform rituals on the Sabbats. How to cite World Religions Paper, Essay examples

Cloud as Datastorage Platform-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Cloud as Datastorage Platform. Answer: Introduction It is widely known that retail industry is under several pressure due to the overgrowth of online shopping all over the world. Many of them are declaring bankruptcy and closing their shops. However some retailer have seen growth despite encountering similar circumstance. As their old legacy technology is not helping them cloud can offer a way to discover the potential of big data analytics to understand customer requirement better. The investment in cloud computing is rapidly growing from 4 billion to 15 billion dollar in last year (Bradford, Earp Grabski, 2014). Eliminating legacy data storage systems Storing data is not a problematic, the challenge is to store data securely and reliably so can be analyzed and revealed powerful insight for better decision making and stay up to date (Gupta, Seetharaman Raj, 2013). Another issue occurs as the amount of data is to be store such as customer data, product and supplier data also business systems data. Issues facing with the legacy storage system are following- Cost efficiency- maintaining a storage system is highly costly as the hardware and software needs to replace time to time for increasing amount of data and updated sorting systems. Lack of Understanding for proper store and analyze vital information huge amount of knowledge is needed. Old systems are also critical to handle as they may run on backdated specs. Vulnerabilities- the security is one of the main aspect of a good storage system. The lack of updated patches in old legacy systems may lead to risk of being compromised and in worst case data loss. Consolidating existing data There are two factors to focus about consolidating data, first one is why it is required and second how it can obtain by using cloud. Requirement cloud Benefits To centralize, manage and greater access to data and growing availability of cross agency information results in more effective decision making. Security is also a likely to increase through store the data in an efficient manner. In old legacy system the capital investment is high for getting a critical security infrastructure. Accessibility is needed to increase in both direction to store and retrieve the same information Cloud is the key to achieve this goals as its provide variety of reasons as follows- Cloud ensures cloud solutions such authorized personal access across the organization. Cloud will surely improve the data center consolidation efforts. The service provider can also guarantee maximum efficiency, effectiveness over time and active monitoring. Using cloud to consolidation data will enable the accessibility of data as it can be access from anywhere. Easy and Fast access Cloud based model offers flexibility of easy and fast access as the data can be accessed from anywhere by proving proper authorization. By having a reliable and fast data storage solution it will be easy to process data quickly and extract the accurate data. It also helps to take advantage of big data analyst to effectively reach consumers expectation (Liu et al., 2014). It is essential for industry to understand what their current system can handle. According to this retailers need to integrate cloud to ensure they are gaining insights quickly (Xu, Chang Zhou, 2013). In cloud services organizations does not need to concern about third ta storage and maintaining directly as the service provider will ensure the data security and monitoring. Settings up owner for data According to Dan Gray, as argued in Data Ownership In The Cloudtheactual ownership of datain the cloud may be dependent on the nature of the data owned and where it was created (Deshpande et al., 2015). Data ownership in cloud is a critical issue determined by both company policies and government regulations. A user can get full ownership depending on data policies and how they sort the data in the cloud. However In the event this does not happen, authority has to arrange for instances of third-party contact and violation of complete privacy. Hence authorities need to rethink the existing business strategy. In short, as a cloud services client, it is essential to pay attention about the details of contract when signing with the provider and realize the laws under which the provider operates. Reducing existing the cost of data management Cloud technology has been the desired key due to the cost at which the services are delivered, as they are usually much lesser when matched toin-house set-ups (Kumar, Adlakha Mukherjee, 2016). An industry can save lot of their capital cost investment as they do not need to invest on managing, purchasing and update hardware and software. This automatically cuts down on hiring employees who would execute these duties in an in-house location. References Bradford, M., Earp, J. B., Grabski, S. (2014). Centralized end-to-end identity and access management and ERP systems: A multi-case analysis using the Technology Organization Environment framework.International Journal of Accounting Information Systems,15(2), 149-165. Deshpande, A. A., Hendrix, K. D., McFaddin, H. S., Narayanaswami, C. (2015).U.S. Patent Application No. 14/502,568. Gupta, P., Seetharaman, A., Raj, J. R. (2013). The usage and adoption of cloud computing by small and medium businesses.International Journal of Information Management,33(5), 861-874. Kumar, A., Adlakha, A., Mukherjee, K. (2016). Modeling of product sales promotion and price discounting strategy using fuzzy logic in a retail organization.Industrial Management Data Systems,116(8), 1418-1444. Liu, C., Chen, J., Yang, L. T., Zhang, X., Yang, C., Ranjan, R., Kotagiri, R. (2014). Authorized public auditing of dynamic big data storage on cloud with efficient verifiable fine-grained updates.IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems,25(9), 2234-2244. Xu, J., Chang, E. C., Zhou, J. (2013, May). Weak leakage-resilient client-side deduplication of encrypted data in cloud storage. InProceedings of the 8th ACM SIGSAC symposium on Information, computer and communications security(pp. 195-206). ACM

T IS SOMETIMES SAID that women have always been op Essay Example For Students

T IS SOMETIMES SAID that women have always been op Essay uyopressed by men, that the antagonism between men and women has its origin deep in human psychology or biology, and that the way women suffer in our society is nothing but the same old story that has been going on ever since human life began. This is such a pessimistic view that it is hard to understand why it is so popular with feminists today. If women are put at a disadvantage by human nature itself, how can we ever change things? Either an all-out war against men could lead to men being forced to change their ways without changing their basically anti-women ideas; or a few women could separate themselves off from the rest of society and be free in a sense; or the human race could be destroyed by women refusing all co-operation with men. None of these conclusions can be very appealing for the majority of women. We will write a custom essay on T IS SOMETIMES SAID that women have always been op specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now On the other hand, the view that women are oppressed simply because men (and most women too) have the wrong ideas about women can be too optimistic. Liberating women is seen as just a matter of persuasion and education, of explaining to men that they have got it wrong and that they really should share the housework and the top jobs because it would be more fair. History shows that all ideas can change: none are so deep-rooted in human nature that nothing can be done about them. But they cant be changed by persuasion, by the light of reason alone, because ideas depend on material relations between human beings. The idea that black people are inferior, for example, belongs to societies that exploit black people, either as slaves or as cheap labour. To get rid of the idea once and for all we have to get rid of the system that produces the idea. This doesnt mean that we cant argue or organise against racism here and now, but it does mean that persuading people that they have the wrong ideas is only the first step to getting rid of the society that is responsible for them. The idea that women are inferior comes from societies that are divided into classes, where one set of people control the labour of others and enjoy wealth and power as a result. Our own capitalist society is far from being the first society divided into classes, though we hope to make it the last. In ancient Greece and Rome, slaves were exploited by slave-owners, in Europe in the middle ages lords lived off the labour of serfs on the land, and there have been variations of these societies at other times and places. With the rise of manufacture and the Industrial Revolution, those with wealth to invest as capital found new ways to make profits out of wage-earning men and women. In all these forms of society, women have been oppressed. But there have been, even in quite recent times, societies that were not divided into classes, and where women did not have an inferior position. These were the societies we call primitive, where there was no production other than the gathering of wild plants and hunting of wild animals. Nowadays, most of these societies have been affected by contact with European traders, rulers and missionaries, who have changed their ways of life. But when white men first came into contact with most of the native tribes of North America, Australia and the Pacific islands, these were societies without classes and in which women were as strong and as powerful as men. .u8364b8e630829d5dfc4c462d2e8cb262 , .u8364b8e630829d5dfc4c462d2e8cb262 .postImageUrl , .u8364b8e630829d5dfc4c462d2e8cb262 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u8364b8e630829d5dfc4c462d2e8cb262 , .u8364b8e630829d5dfc4c462d2e8cb262:hover , .u8364b8e630829d5dfc4c462d2e8cb262:visited , .u8364b8e630829d5dfc4c462d2e8cb262:active { border:0!important; } .u8364b8e630829d5dfc4c462d2e8cb262 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u8364b8e630829d5dfc4c462d2e8cb262 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u8364b8e630829d5dfc4c462d2e8cb262:active , .u8364b8e630829d5dfc4c462d2e8cb262:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u8364b8e630829d5dfc4c462d2e8cb262 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u8364b8e630829d5dfc4c462d2e8cb262 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u8364b8e630829d5dfc4c462d2e8cb262 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u8364b8e630829d5dfc4c462d2e8cb262 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u8364b8e630829d5dfc4c462d2e8cb262:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u8364b8e630829d5dfc4c462d2e8cb262 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u8364b8e630829d5dfc4c462d2e8cb262 .u8364b8e630829d5dfc4c462d2e8cb262-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u8364b8e630829d5dfc4c462d2e8cb262:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Jackie robinson EssayWhen production was simple and population low, womens role as the bearers of children was important and respected. Though men and women might have their separate tasks and rituals, women as well as men took part in the most important decisions, such as whether to move a settlement or make war on another band or tribe. Couples might live together with their children, but sexual relations were more free and separation easier than in later societies. When production increased, agriculture appeared, and flocks and herds of animals were kept for food and wealth (for fields and cattle were the first forms of private property), class divisions began to appear. Men of wealth could make others work for them, buy slaves and take advantage of others poverty. They began to own wives, too, like cattle, and pass on their wealth to their male children. As Engels argued a hundred years ago, in The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State, the oppression of women began when class society began. Bibliography:thers work for them, buy slaves and take advantage of others poverty. They began to own wives, too, like cattle, and pass on their wealth to their male children. As Engels argued a hundred years ago, in The Origin of the Family, Private Prope

Public Policy Rulings

Public Policy Rulings The US amended its constitution in 1965 to include everybody in national voting process. The law outlawed discriminations based on ethnic and racial qualities that had been practiced since independence. In this regard, Africans had been disenfranchised because they could not elect leaders of their choice.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Public Policy Rulings specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Act followed the 15th amendment, which prohibited states from imposing any electoral merits or pre-requisites to candidates. Such conditions were viewed as direct violation of voting rights. The act eliminated the rule stating that a voter could only vote after passing a literacy test. The rule was widely used during slavery to bar Africans from electing their preferred leaders. The American Civil War played a bigger role in eliminating unfavorable laws that were based on racial and tribal lines. The head of state appended his signature to the rule making it a national law in 1965. The act provided extensive federal supervision of elections. It stated that regions with repressive voting practices could not execute any change that would affect voting without seeking approval from the state authority in charge of elections. The process was termed as preclearance, meaning that a universal body could control elections. The law affected many states in the south because they had a system that discriminated blacks. The congress has amended the Act several times, the recent being the 2006 alteration that was signed into law by George Bush. Even though the Act was lauded as a landmark to civil rights legislation, critics have established many weaknesses. As noted earlier, the bill has been reviewed four times. The law was evaluated in 1970, 1975, 1982 and 2006. The 1982 review made section two of the act permanent. The paper will therefore look at the differences and some similarities between the original act of 1965 and the amended article of 2006. It should be noted that there are many similarities between the two articles. The two articles aim at providing the rights of voters and keeping off repressive rules and regulations. The main similarity is that both articles still demand that states, which practiced repression and discrimination, must seek permission from the Department of Justice before introducing new changes to their electoral laws. This has raised controversies because the states could have abolished the repressive rules long ago but they are still required to comply with the new law.Advertising Looking for essay on public administration? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The states in the south such as Arizona, Alabama, Mississippi and Texas suffer from stigmatization because they practiced discrimination before the law was introduced in 1965. Critics argue that the law should either be extended to all states or be eliminated. In 2006, the law applied to the case involving Northwest Austin Municipality Utility District No. 1 v. Holder. The council intended to amend its policies in order to move voting from a private home to a public school. The judges claimed that the officials of the council had to follow the due procedure dictated by the 1965 act. In 2010, Florida intended to amend its constitution in order to prevent gerrymandering in future. The governor requested for permission from the Department of Justice. The same procedures were followed as provided in the 1965 and 2006 acts. The 2006 act is a bit different because it appreciates the difficulties that Africans go through during presidential voting. The law was adjusted after examining the difficulties experienced by blacks in the states of Ohio and Florida. Blacks were perpetually subjugated and state authorities violated their rights. The states provided few voting machines forcing Africans to queue for long. This could mean t hat some blacks did not participate in voting due to unnecessary queues. The 2006 law provides that states must avail enough voting machines in all voting centers. In case of difficulties, the Department of Justice would intervene to restore normalcy. The 2006 act is different from the 1965 act because it addresses the problem of representation. The congress aimed at strengthening the provisions of section two that were designed in 1982. Blacks had been experiencing hardships as regards to office holding. Leaders were adamant to accept blacks and other races because of racism and ethnicity. The 1982 amendment forced the south states to drop electoral rules that barred Africans from accessing governmental power and authority. In Arizona for example, electoral laws prevented Latinos from contesting equally with their white counterparts. The 2006 law aims at ensuring equality and equal privileges during campaigns and elections.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Public Policy Rulings specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This means that other races in Arizona, California, New Mexico, Texas and some parts of New York could be provided with adequate security during elections. This is aimed at protecting blacks and other races from intimidation caused by whites during elections. The 2006 act identified the new form of discrimination that resurfaced within other organs of government. The law establishes that racism and ethnicity surface when there is a close contest meaning that judges rule in favor of the white race. The 2006 law provides that judges must be impartial in their rulings. The law provides some mechanisms that could be used to guarantee fairness within the judiciary.

Indium Facts - Periodic Table of the Elements

Indium Facts - Periodic Table of the Elements Indium  Basic Facts Atomic Number: 49 Symbol: In Atomic Weight: 114.818 Discovery: Ferdinand Reich and T. Richter 1863 (Germany) Electron Configuration: [Kr] 5s2 4d10 5p1 Word Origin: Latin indicum. Indium is named for the brilliant indigo line in the spectrum. Isotopes: Twenty-three isotopes of indium are known. Only one stable isotope, In-127, occurs naturally. Properties: The melting point of indium is 156.61  °C, boiling point is 2080  °C, specific gravity is 7.31 (20  °C), with a valence of 1, 2, or 3. Indium is a very soft, silvery-white metal. The metal has a brilliant luster and emits a high pitched sound when bent. Indium wets glass. Indium may be toxic, but further research is required to assess its effects. Uses: Indium is used in low melting point alloys, making bearing alloys, transistors, thermistors, photoconductors, and rectifiers. When plated or evaporated onto glass, it forms a mirror as good as that formed by silver, but with superior resistance to atmospheric corrosion. Sources: Indium often is associated with zinc materials. It is also found in iron, lead, and copper ores. Element Classification: Metal Indium Physical Data Density (g/cc): 7.31 Melting Point (K): 429.32 Boiling Point (K): 2353 Appearance: very soft, silvery-white metal Atomic Radius (pm): 166 Atomic Volume (cc/mol): 15.7 Covalent Radius (pm): 144 Ionic Radius: 81 (3e) Specific Heat (20 °C J/g mol): 0.234 Fusion Heat (kJ/mol): 3.24 Evaporation Heat (kJ/mol): 225.1 Debye Temperature (K): 129.00 Pauling Negativity Number: 1.78 First Ionizing Energy (kJ/mol): 558.0 Oxidation States: 3 Lattice Structure: Tetragonal Lattice Constant (Ã…): 4.590    References: Los Alamos National Laboratory (2001), Crescent Chemical Company (2001), Langes Handbook of Chemistry (1952), CRC Handbook of Chemistry Physics (18th Ed.)    Return to the Periodic Table Chemistry Encyclopedia

Reflection R-Rent A Car Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Reflection R-Rent A Car - Essay Example The following week, we faced a new challenge and that is handling the scheduling of the fleet. Many customers are demanding and would not hesitate to transfer to another car-rental service company in case the vehicle they specified is not given to them. This is what makes competition in a free trade â€Å"survival of the fittest†. Smaller companies cannot compete with bigger ones since they have limited resources and manpower. I just realized that scheduling vehicles even on a daily basis is complicated. Timely coordination with other staff and drivers are crucial in giving the service on time. If there was one skill that I developed, it would be time management. In the real world setting, there are many things that needs to be done. The key to being organized is managing one’s time very well. Smaller tasks must be put aside so more important ones could be accomplished. Even personal time is sacrificed in the real workplace. One must be very flexible and willing to deal with any sudden change. Also, I learned that planning is a very important part of handling a project. Like the former project, my soft skills on communicating, negotiating and leading were developed. I had to break out of my comfort zone and feel confident in meeting new people. During interviews, I had to look confident and sure of what I was doing. As I mentioned, planning is very important. I learned that when one is not prepared for a task, then eventually there would be many problems. Among the skills that I really have to develop and master is the numerical skills involved in making financial projections. As I have mentioned in the report, the Rent-A-Car business is seasonal and the market has few barriers to entry. As a business owner or manager, one must have good financial skills that would help him plan in making the company meet its expenses despite low sales. I have to learn more also about financial planning or maybe budgeting. Budgeting should

Organizational Psychlogy And Behavior Case Study

Organizational Psychlogy And Behavior - Case Study Example This essay discusses the system of assigning advisors for all students, that is clearly a very good one, because it can ensure that each student can be helped to find a suitable path in life. However, the system should have such mechanisms as to provide real equal opportunity to all. People are all different, and there should appear no such differences in treatment as it happened to Paul. Since the school must have had an antidiscrimination policy, Dr. David , unfortunately, could not even tell Paul that he did not like him and did not want to give him advice. On the other hand, Dr.David`s behavior towards the female student could possibly be interpreted as sexual harassment, so Dr. David had behaved improperly twice, not once. The system of advisors should be revised in such a way as to prevent such events and allow both students and advisors to express their beliefs, so that there should not appear any discriminations. Perhaps it would be a good idea to aks the advisors beforehand if they wish to work with that particular student, although that could give space for further discrimination. But, on the other hand, assigning Paul to Dr. David and letting Dr. David discriminate Paul anyway is not a good course of action, either, because Dr. David is entitled to his own opinions, too, and if he feels any disliking at all he will never advise Paul with an open heart. Perhaps it would be best to allow the advisors to choose their students, as long as each advisor has the same number of students.

‘A View from a Bridge’ by Author Miller Essay Example for Free

‘A View from a Bridge’ by Author Miller Essay The play, ‘A View from a Bridge’, by Author Miller has the theme of a Modern Greek tragedy. A Greek tragedy is a play where fate runs it’s ‘bloody course’, which will lead to the tragic hero’s downfall. A tragic hero is usually a character of noble stature. Just like all people, tragic heroes aren’t perfect but what separates them from the others is that they have a hamartia, a tragic flaw. This flaw will be the cause of the downfall for the tragic hero. Eddie Carbone is somewhat a tragic hero. He doesn’t fit as a tragic hero because in the play, he is a normal longshoreman, which is fairly ordinary in Red Hook. Just like all men, †he worked on the piers when there was work, he brought home his pay, and he lived.† He doesnt have a high status position. On the other hand, he can still be categorized as a tragic hero because he has a tragic flaw and an inevitable downfall. In the start of the play, he is also respected, just like a tragic hero. Eddie’s tragic flaw is how much he loves Catherine. His fate is unavoidable due to the tragic flaw in his personality. His unnatural love for Catherine made him jealous of Rodolpho. This again is a device used in Greek tragedy, and can be described as a weakness of the tragic hero. This is a feature that all tragic heroes have; hence they are called â€Å"tragic† heroes. At the start, the tragic hero will be a good person. In the play’s case, Miller portrayed Eddie in the beginning of the play as a loving and caring man. He loves Catherine a lot. He said, â€Å"I want you to be in a nice office.† This shows that he cares a lot for Catherine and her future. At this stage, the audience should see Eddie as a respectable man. Miller also uses the technique of foreshadowing to imply to the audience that betrayal is going to happen. Miller used the ‘Vinny Bolzano’ example. Vinny â€Å"snitches† on his own uncle. In the play, Eddie said â€Å"†¦. hidin’ in the house and he snitched to the Immigration.† Catherine’s response was fairly surprised. She said â€Å"What, was he crazy?†. Vinny Bolzano was publicly humiliated by his own family and shunned from the community. He was not seen in the area since. . Miller added this to foreshadow the fact that Eddie is going to do something similar in the play. This is also an example of how the community functions. They believed that ‘snitching’ is always bad therefore he got punished for it, although the actual law will find it as a righteous act. Eddie tells Catherine that â€Å"you can quicker get back a million dollars that was stole than a word that you gave away†, and with this advice, Eddie gains the audience’s respect. It is also ironic because later on in the play, Eddie â€Å"snitches† on Marco and Roldopho. This loses all sympathy and respect towards Eddie. In the play, Alfieri’s role in the Greek Tragedy is a chorus. Alfieri refers to fate’s â€Å"bloody course†, which immediately brings us to the thought of destiny or fate. This is an ominous statement as it gives the sense that unavoidable tragedy will happen, and he is won’t be able to change the outcome. Alfieri said â€Å"heard the same complaint and sat there, as powerless as I†. This proves that he is merely a bystander looking at something way out of control. He also said â€Å"I could see every step coming, step after step, like a dark figure walking down a hall to a certain door†, which reinforces Eddie’s fate that awaits him. Eddie’s tragic flaw is soon exposed, as he will not accept the love between Catherine and Rodolpho. As Eddie realizes that their relationship is becoming more serious, he degrades Rodolpho by questioning his sexuality. While Eddie was talking to Beatrice, he says that Rodolpho is â€Å"like a chorus girl or sump’m†. Eddie infers that Rodolpho is less of a man. Since it didn’t work, Eddie took matters up to Alfieri. Eddie told Alfieri that Rodolpho â€Å"ain’t right†. He is trying to get the law on his side. Once Eddie is frustrated, he says, he’s stealing from me!†. This shows that deep down, Eddie believes that Catherine belongs to him. Eddie starts to show his jealous side by telling Catherine that Rodolpho wants Catherine only in order to become an American citizen. He told Catherine that Rodolpho is â€Å"only bowin’ to his passport†. Eddie still wants Catherine therefore he challenges Rodolpho directly by teaching him how to box. Miller demonstrates the tension between them through the stage directions. For example, Eddie hits Rodolpho, which â€Å"mildly staggers him†. It seems that Eddie needs to prove himself to be manlier than Rodolpho. This is also the beginning of his downfall. Marco then challenged Eddie by picking up the chair. This grows the tension between them, foreshadowing that something bad will happen. In the final scene, in which Eddie died in, it is also very similar to Greek tragedy. The tragic hero will die reconciled with others and will end regretfully to his actions. Miller conveys Eddie’s remorse and had him reconcile with Beatrice as he cries â€Å"My B.! My B.†, and dies in her arms. Eddie also dies in his own hands. He brings the knife into the duel, therefore it would seem, like most tragic heroes, Eddie is the cause of his own destruction. This gives the play a more complete ending. All problems have been solved. Then again, it can be argued that Eddie is different from a tragic hero because at times he appears to have more control over his actions than a tragic hero does. For example, Eddie was driven to call the Immigration Bureau because of his love for Catherine. Alfieri presents him with another option, to â€Å"let her go. And bless her.† It seems like Eddie has selected his route, which lead to his downfall, whereas traditional tragic heroes usually dont have an alternative option. This is unsympathetic because he had another option, but it was his choice not to take it. Not only did he betray Rodolpho and Marco, he also betrayed his community. He lost all his respect and reputation. In conclusion, Eddie is very similar to a traditional tragic hero from Greek tragedy. His tragic flaw drives him to desperate actions, and in this case he cannot let Catherine go. Fate â€Å"runs its bloody course† as the inevitable death of Eddie is shown. Eddie is stubborn and refuses to â€Å"settle for half†, constantly wanting something he can’t have. His tragic flaw leads the fateful path to his death.

A Feminist Reading of Pauls Case Essay -- Feminism Feminist Women Cri

A Feminist Reading of Paul's Case  Ã‚   At first glance, it may be considered difficult to give a feminist interpretation of "Paul's Case" by Willa Cather, because there is not much mention of women in the text. However, this fact alone gives good reason for a feminist reading of the story. The lack of the presence of females in this story supports the idea that women were not considered an important part of society during Willa Cather's lifetime. In "Paul's Case," the story revolves around a young male. He is the main character. There are very few mentions of women, however, when they do come into the story they are only mentioned briefly, or they play minor, secondary characters. Paul's mother and sisters are spoken about once during the entire story, while there are four references to his father. The females in his family are mentioned only in passing and remain flat characters, while his father is referred to several times, each time involving an action or comment which exhibits an aspect of his father's personality which makes him a more rounded character. Other references to women in this story involve stereotypical characterizations of them. In "Paul's Case," women are often made out to be weak, in contrast to the references to men who worked and performed physical labor. Two instances in the story effectively demonstrate this stereotypical weakness. First, one of Paul's teachers commented, "I happen to know that he was born in Colorado, only a few months before his mother died out there of a long illness." This remark makes Paul's mother fragile and sickly; since she is a weak woman, she is overtaken and killed by her illness. Another example of this stereotype is when Paul includes his sister in his lies, "hi... ...t the Venus of Milo as he passed her on the stairway." Paul may have had probable cause to dislike his teacher, however, the statue had done nothing to provoke him aside from being female. The distasteful gesture he made towards the statue embodies his attitude towards the entire female gender. "Paul's Case" is clearly product of the influences of a patriarchal society. Women are not allowed a prominent role in any part of the story, which is evidence of the influential patriarchal society's oppression of women. When women are actually mentioned in the story, it is in a stereotypical and/or demeaning manner. Although the gender of the narrator is not discernible, this story was written by a woman who's views were heavily effected by the opinions of the society in which she lived, which is apparent through the actions, views, and attitudes of her characters.

Metabical Case Essay

Metabical is revolutionary product and forecasted to be the first FDA approved prescriptive drug for overweight individuals with weight-loss goals. The previous prescriptive drugs have a negative side effects that out weighed its positives. Metabical, on the other hand, did not display as many negative effects in its trail runs and thus was being strongly endorsed by the medical community. The current weight-loss drugs can be classified as prescriptive drugs or over the counter remedies. OTC drugs were not as a popular among overweight individuals due to lack of regulation and safety concerns. OTC drugs lost out to diet plans, exercise plans and meal replacement/ weight management products, as they were safer options. The only drug that was approved by the FDA for over-weight individuals was Alli. Alli used to block the body’s absorption of fat, leading to weight loss. However, it had a lot of side effects, which could cause dangerous medical situations. Metabical, on the other hand, was a dual layer, controlled release formulation. It acted as an appetite suppressant and also had a fat blocker and calorie absorption agent. The over-all product was far superior in achieving weight-loss, over its competitors, for over weight indiciduals but not for obese and severely obsess individuals. Therefore, Merabical was aunique product, which was focuses towards a particular segment of the market, the over weight segment. It was the first of its kind and had that advantage. There were other products, but they were not as popular in the market segment Metabical was targeting. It was pictured as a low-risk, high returns drug and had built good support in the medical community, who were needed to prescribe this drug. 2. What are the pros & cons of the forecasting methods presented by Printup? If you had to estimate demand for this product, how would you go about it? What would your demand (unit) forecast look like for the first 5 years? Answer: In her first approach forecasted demand by looking at the number of overweight individuals in the United States and narrowing down that population to those who were actively trying to lose weight. She felt those potential users should be narrowed to the 15% of those who were comfortable  with weight-loss drugs. The second approach specifically addressed consumer interest in a prescription weight-loss drug for the overweight and 12% were ready to go to their health care provider to request a prescription. The third approach was the target market. Even though Metabical would be attractive to all overweight individuals, Printup established a primary target for the purpose of developing a communications strategy. The ideal Metabical consumer was found to be overweight females, age 35 to 65, who were college-educated. All those three methods seem well-structured and provide the reasonable ways to project the demand for Metabical. However, the problem was method one and three were based on assumptions. Before making any recommendations, she must explore and analyse the assumptions to see if it’s true. She must also guarantee that the three models must be achievable before proceeding in with the new product. Focus not only on the ideal target market, statistics says more males would be interested in weight loss products, therefore it would be better if Printup could expand the target market. I would probably recommend to go for the third forecast as dataonly focused on our targeted market. In five year there would be about 50% of targeted population captured in this market. 3. What considerations should be taken into account when making decisions about the package count? What package size would you recommend? Answer:   Printup said that the standards for prescription drug dosing rang from one week supply to a three month supply. The 12 week pricing tag would be too much for some targeted individuals financially. They must have a breakeven/ balance for the pricing and the 12 week supply of the weight loss drug. (ie. You will be able to achieve optimal weight loss within 12 weeks of the drug, however paying for 12 weeks of the product is out of some people’s wage.) In the case, Printup decided that the design of the packaging should be â€Å"blister† style package, which will allow patients to see each pill and keep track of the dosing. So I think the best strategy is the 4 week to 6 week package that could allow patients to refill once or twice.

Child and Marginal Places

In the short essay â€Å"In Praise of Margins†, Ian Frazier puts himself back to the place in time when he did activities just for the sake of doing them. As a kid, Frazier traveled to the woods behind his house without a real sense of purpose. His main goal for the day or afternoon was just to explore, whatever that word may mean to him. Frazier and his friends spent hours on end in the woods simply breaking thin ice sheets, â€Å"throwing rocks at a fresh mudflat to make craters, shooting frogs with slingshots, making forts, picking blackberries, digging in what we were briefly persuaded was an Indian burial mound† (53).They weren’t doing anything important, but that was the point, to do something so insignificant but have it mean so much. Frazier explains that the activities he did as a kid â€Å"was a higher sort of unpurpose† (53), or in other words, marginal. I agree with Frazier about the important of marginality, because children in particular need to try out ideas for themselves and have some breathing room on their own. Marginal activities and places are important to kids, because they allow them to try out ideas or purposeless activities.As an example, Annie Dillard wrote a short essay called â€Å"Hitting Pay Dirt† in which she talks about receiving a microscope as a Christmas present and going down to her basement to play with it endlessly. Dillard received a microscope from her parents because she had wanted one ever since she read â€Å"The Field Book of Ponds and Streams† (82). She was utterly convinced that everyone needed a microscope. At first, Dillard failed and could not use the microscope correctly because the slides she saw were a â€Å"bust. † Eventually in late spring, Dillard succeeded and saw an amoeba.Proud of her accomplishment, she rushed upstairs to tell her parents, but they seemed more interested in their coffee than excited (83). From that point on she understood that you do what you do for pure enjoyment and love for the activity itself and that no one really cares, but yourself. The microscope was her marginal activity and the basement was her marginal place where she could do whatever she wanted. Dillard ends her short essaying stating: â€Å"Anything was possible. The sky was the limit. † (83). â€Å"Hitting Pay Dirt† and â€Å"In Praise of Margins† both have the similar idea of doing something for pure enjoyment.Dillard considers her work in the basement â€Å"play† because she enjoys it, but she didn’t actually realize that she was learning. This is a prime example of a marginal activity because she only used it for her enjoyment without a sense of real purpose. No purpose is needed because marginal activities allow you to be yourself and do something that you like to do, not because there is an end goal. Marginal activities like Dillard’s microscope allow children to try out ideas that they otherwise may neve r have found. A safe haven or a place to escape reality can be important to children.As a child, I lived in the typical two-story home in a typical suburbia neighborhood. I never really could keep much to myself or have ultimate freedom. My parents were typical over-protective parents who were scared that the world may danger and hurt their precious young boy. The only source of escape or get away I ever had was found in the play set in my back yard. It was just a little orange and blue play set that featured a slide and landing. Whenever I couldn’t be found, everyone knew that I was in my little play set in the back yard with my siblings and cousins.My play set was my marginal place because that was where I could come up with crazy imaginations and as soon as I stepped in my thoughts ran free. The play set was a get away from over bearing parents, homework, or even vegetable filled dinners. In that back yard, we could be anyone we wanted to be, think of the craziest adventur es, or even just sit and talk. The play set in the back yard didn’t consist of judgment or scrutiny; rather, it was filled with bliss and innocence. It was such an important part of my childhood and I honestly don’t know if I would be the same person I am today if my play set hadn’t exist.Frazier’s woods are equivalent to my play set in the back yard. It was our get away from reality, the pure pleasure of doing nothing and something at the same time. My play set was my marginal activity and place because it allowed me to explore thoughts and try out the craziest of ideas. It is important as a child to have a get away where you can do anything you wanted because sometimes children are brought up to be perfect. Expectations can get to a child and a safe haven from that is all that is needed.In the words of Ian Frazier â€Å" The margin is where you can try out odd ideas that you might be afraid to admit to with people looking on† (54). Marginal place s and activities are very important to children because it allows for breathing room. Not everything has to be purpose filled. Activities and places can be purposeless and just as satisfying as if it were purpose filled. Frazier took himself back to a time where everything was much simpler, and realized that marginal activities are very important. Marginal places and activities are important for everyone especially children. Child and Marginal Places In the short essay â€Å"In Praise of Margins†, Ian Frazier puts himself back to the place in time when he did activities just for the sake of doing them. As a kid, Frazier traveled to the woods behind his house without a real sense of purpose. His main goal for the day or afternoon was just to explore, whatever that word may mean to him. Frazier and his friends spent hours on end in the woods simply breaking thin ice sheets, â€Å"throwing rocks at a fresh mudflat to make craters, shooting frogs with slingshots, making forts, picking blackberries, digging in what we were briefly persuaded was an Indian burial mound† (53).They weren’t doing anything important, but that was the point, to do something so insignificant but have it mean so much. Frazier explains that the activities he did as a kid â€Å"was a higher sort of unpurpose† (53), or in other words, marginal. I agree with Frazier about the important of marginality, because children in particular need to try out ideas for themselves and have some breathing room on their own. Marginal activities and places are important to kids, because they allow them to try out ideas or purposeless activities.As an example, Annie Dillard wrote a short essay called â€Å"Hitting Pay Dirt† in which she talks about receiving a microscope as a Christmas present and going down to her basement to play with it endlessly. Dillard received a microscope from her parents because she had wanted one ever since she read â€Å"The Field Book of Ponds and Streams† (82). She was utterly convinced that everyone needed a microscope. At first, Dillard failed and could not use the microscope correctly because the slides she saw were a â€Å"bust. † Eventually in late spring, Dillard succeeded and saw an amoeba.Proud of her accomplishment, she rushed upstairs to tell her parents, but they seemed more interested in their coffee than excited (83). From that point on she understood that you do what you do for pure enjoyment and love for the activity itself and that no one really cares, but yourself. The microscope was her marginal activity and the basement was her marginal place where she could do whatever she wanted. Dillard ends her short essaying stating: â€Å"Anything was possible. The sky was the limit. † (83). â€Å"Hitting Pay Dirt† and â€Å"In Praise of Margins† both have the similar idea of doing something for pure enjoyment.Dillard considers her work in the basement â€Å"play† because she enjoys it, but she didn’t actually realize that she was learning. This is a prime example of a marginal activity because she only used it for her enjoyment without a sense of real purpose. No purpose is needed because marginal activities allow you to be yourself and do something that you like to do, not because there is an end goal. Marginal activities like Dillard’s microscope allow children to try out ideas that they otherwise may neve r have found. A safe haven or a place to escape reality can be important to children.As a child, I lived in the typical two-story home in a typical suburbia neighborhood. I never really could keep much to myself or have ultimate freedom. My parents were typical over-protective parents who were scared that the world may danger and hurt their precious young boy. The only source of escape or get away I ever had was found in the play set in my back yard. It was just a little orange and blue play set that featured a slide and landing. Whenever I couldn’t be found, everyone knew that I was in my little play set in the back yard with my siblings and cousins.My play set was my marginal place because that was where I could come up with crazy imaginations and as soon as I stepped in my thoughts ran free. The play set was a get away from over bearing parents, homework, or even vegetable filled dinners. In that back yard, we could be anyone we wanted to be, think of the craziest adventur es, or even just sit and talk. The play set in the back yard didn’t consist of judgment or scrutiny; rather, it was filled with bliss and innocence. It was such an important part of my childhood and I honestly don’t know if I would be the same person I am today if my play set hadn’t exist.Frazier’s woods are equivalent to my play set in the back yard. It was our get away from reality, the pure pleasure of doing nothing and something at the same time. My play set was my marginal activity and place because it allowed me to explore thoughts and try out the craziest of ideas. It is important as a child to have a get away where you can do anything you wanted because sometimes children are brought up to be perfect. Expectations can get to a child and a safe haven from that is all that is needed.In the words of Ian Frazier â€Å" The margin is where you can try out odd ideas that you might be afraid to admit to with people looking on† (54). Marginal place s and activities are very important to children because it allows for breathing room. Not everything has to be purpose filled. Activities and places can be purposeless and just as satisfying as if it were purpose filled. Frazier took himself back to a time where everything was much simpler, and realized that marginal activities are very important. Marginal places and activities are important for everyone especially children.

The determination of the stoichiometry of a metal complex by UV-visible spectrophotometry The WritePass Journal

The determination of the stoichiometry of a metal complex by UV-visible spectrophotometry Introduction The determination of the stoichiometry of a metal complex by UV-visible spectrophotometry IntroductionPRINCIPLE:PRECAUTIONS:REQUREMENTS: REFERENCES:Related Introduction AIM: to determine the stoichiometry of the complex formed between iron(III) abd 2-hydroxybenzoic acid(salicylic acid) in aqueous solution by visible using job’s method of continuous variation. PRINCIPLE: The principle involved in UV/Visible spectrophotometry is that when a molecule is bombarded with electromagnetic radiations the electrons in the last energy shells get excited by absorbing that radiation and there is a transition between different energy levels. As the amount of light absorbed by the solution is directly proportional to the amount of the solute present and the concentration of the solution can be determined. UV/visible spectrophotometry depend on the ability of the substance to absorb light. In these spectrophotometry methods the solution of unknown concentration is compared with a set of solutions of known concentrations and this gives the concentration of the unknown solution. This method usually involves the use of metal complexing agents such as di-sodium EDTA, iron (III) for various purposes (such as masking agents). 2-hydroxybenzoic acid combines with iron (III) forming a coloured complex. This complex is then using a UV/visible spectroscopy. The method employed in this experiment is the Job’s method where different proportions of metal and reagent are mixed with a fixed molarity. The absorbance readings are taken for the series of solutions prepared and a graph is plotted between the absorbance and the mole fractions of the metal and reagents. This UV/Visible method can only be used if the complex formed is coloured. In this experiment Fe(III) and salicylic acid combine to form a blue complex which can be detected spectroscopically at 525nm with distilled or de-ionised water as an indicator. PRECAUTIONS: All the glassware was thoroughly cleaned using distilled water in order to avoid contamination. Avoid the contamination of salicylic acid solution by fe(III). REQUREMENTS: CHEMICALS: Iron nitrate,2-hydroxy benzoic acid(salicylic acid),Distilled water APPARATUS: Two 5cm3 pipettes, ten 10cm3 volumetric flasks INSTRUMENT: Dual-beam visible spectrometer 1-cm path length glass cells (cuvettes) PROCEDURE: Prepare solutions of iron (III) ammoniun nitrate   and 2-hydroxy benzoic acid with distilled water and each having a concentration of 2103 mol dm-3(slightly heat salicylic acid) using appropriate amount of each in 75cm3 of water in a beaker. Transfer each solution to a 100cm3 flask and dilute to the mark with distilled water. Nine solutions of the iron (III) complex of 2-hydroxy benzoic acid were prepared by mixing the acid solution and iron (III) complex in 10cm3 volumetric flask using different burettes as per the following scheme. Volume of acid/cm3 Colume of fe(iii) cm3 Mole fraction of acid,x 1 9 0.1 2 8 0.2 3 7 0.3 4 6 0.4 5 5 0.5 6 4 0.6 7 3 0.7 8 2 0.8 9 1 0.9 Absorbance of each of the above solutions and the original Fe(III) solution was measured at 525nm. CALCULATIONS: Calculation of   the amount of Iron (III) nitrate required: Concentration of solution prepared = 2103 Molecular weight of Iron (III) nitrate   = 404 gm/ mol Amount of Iron (III) nitrate required for 100 ml = No. of moles Ãâ€" Mol.wt Ãâ€" 100 1000 = 2 Ãâ€" 10-3 Ãâ€" 404 Ãâ€" 100 1000 = 0.0808 gm Similarly, To calculate the amount of 2-Hydroxy benzoic acid (Salicylic acid ) required to prepare s soluton of conc of 2103: Molecular weight of Salicylic acid = 138.12 gm /mol Amount of Salicylic acid required for 100ml = No. of moles Ãâ€" Mol.wt Ãâ€" 100 1000 = 2 Ãâ€" 10-3 Ãâ€" 138.12 Ãâ€" 100 1000 =0.02762 gm Absorbances of prepared solutions when measured at 525nm under a UV spectrophotometer: Volume of acid /cm3 Volume of Fe (III) / cm-3 Mole Fraction of acid , X Absorbance at 525 nm Corrected absorbance Ac 1 9 0.1 0.3441 0.304 2 8 0.2 0.5726 0.5325 3 7 0.3 0.9220 0.8819 4 6 0.4 1.1955 1.1554 5 5 0.5 1.4464 1.4063 6 4 0.6 1.3720 1.3319 7 3 0.7 1.0028 0.9627 8 2 0.8 0.7129 0.6728 9 2 0.9 0.3861 0.346 Original Fe(III) 0.0401 RESULT: Calculation of molar absorbtivity of Fe(III) using beer-lambert’s law: Where, A = absorbance, â‚ ¬Fe. = molar absorbitivity of Fe(III) b = path length, C = concentration of the solution. à ¨Ã‚   â‚ ¬Fe = 0.0401/10.002 =  Ã‚   20.05 CORRECTED ABSORBANCE FOR EACH OF THE 9 SOLUTIONS: We have, Ac = A – [Є Fe (1-x).b.c] Where, A is uncorrected absorbance for each of the solutions. Є Fe = 20.05 X= Mole fraction b = Path length (1 cm) c = Molar concentration (2 Ãâ€" 10-3 mol dm-3) PLOT OBTAINED FOR CORRECTED ABSORBANCE (Ac) AND MOLE FRACTION(x): From the above graph the value of x from the intersected portion of the graph was found to be Stoichiometry of the Fe(III) / 2-hydroxy benzoic acid complex, Fe(HB)n by evaluation of n by following expression: X= n/1+n à °Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   0.5 = n/(1+n) = 0.5(1+n) = n,  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   à ¨   0.5= 0.5*n  Ã‚  Ã‚   à ¨ n=1 DISCUSSION: Structural formula of Fe(III)/ 2-hydroxybenzoic acid. Fe+3 In the above structure the Fe+3 molecule reacts with the lone pair of electrons present on the oxygen molecule. It is necessary to correct the absorbance readings as the absorbance’s obtained also include the radiation absorbed by the Fe+3 molecule and the concentration obtained from uncorrected absorbance would be inaccurate. Also these corrections bring about significant difference in the final value as we can see the difference between both the values is 0.05(approx).   The point of intersection gives us the volume of reactant mixture required to obtain the maximum absorbance. While the graph plotted against mole fraction and absorbance initially gives a straight line it reaches it shows a curvature at the end as it reaches saturation point and after this point there is a decline in the absorbance by the solution. Hence the graph of mole fraction against absorbance gives a curvature between linear portions. Alternative procedures for establishing the stoichiometry of a metal complex are as follows: Fluorescence spectroscopy Gas-Liquid chromatography Slope ratio method. REFERENCES: -. (2010). Manufacturer Opens up about Japanese Honeysuckle Extract . Available: google.co.uk/imgres?imgurl=http://chemicaloftheday.squarespace.com/storage/salicylic%2520acid.jpg%3F__SQUARESPACE_CACHEVERSION%3D1276889856661imgrefurl=http://chemicaloftheday.squarespace.. Last accessed 25/03/2011. Bauer Christian OReilly (2008). instumental analysis. -: Allyn and Bacon,Inc.. 154. skoog west holler (1996). analytical chemistry. 7th ed. kentucky,USA: Saunders College Publishing. 557.

Alive Book Report

Alive Book Report Piers Paul Read's ALIVE book has several themes, but there are two themes. These two themes are survival and cooperation. Survival plays an important role throughout the story. Most cooling parts of the story were forced to cut to take place to Fairchild, the remaining 28 passengers, where they could survive because they ate friends and families who died. This intense action has caused controversy for a long time. The group ate only a small piece of chocolate and kept eating for two weeks before considering their alternative food source. After all, the words of civil rights leader and Howard Thurman are: Do not ask what the world needs, because the world needs to have a man active ... make you what comes alive Please check. This is my book Material Girl, Mysterious Excerpts from the next chapter titled Your Law, Restoring Your Karma , such as the topics explored in the world in detail . In this book, there are also a variety of tools that will help you find a job bo rn in this process, entering the Dharma path. The story of the public is definitely not my problem, this is the reason. No matter how much I am, when I issue something meaningful to me (I want to talk about thinking, thinking about the majority of the content), my voice breaks the collapse of my face. I start to cry Alive has become a winner of this year 's Accio Books event. Thank you for those who organize book drives and send books to life. Affect the lives of many children in San Diego County, with the time, effort and participation of accio books, they will get through the book and support their literacy development. Thank you, happy reading! Books sent to living languages ​​through the Accio Books event will help to tackle the lack of ownership of books in San Diego's service deficient communities. Many of our children's classes do not have their own books. The donation donated by Accio Books gives personal home libraries, perhaps they will have the opportunity t o start the book collection first. Words Alive also planned Mirage Library (we donated a book of activities to distribute in the community) as a way of summer slide at local schools to prevent moon to raise awareness. This tendency is more complicated due to the lack of ownership of the same book and its cause as low income households, its reason is that past students will lose their accomplishments throughout the school during the summer. According to research, accessing books in the summer can prevent reading skills from becoming 'summer slides' Alive Book Report Alive Book Report Piers Paul Read's ALIVE book has several themes, but there are two themes. These two themes are survival and cooperation. Survival plays an important role throughout the story. Most cooling parts of the story were forced to cut to take place to Fairchild, the remaining 28 passengers, where they could survive because they ate friends and families who died. This intense action has caused controversy for a long time. The group ate only a small piece of chocolate and kept eating for two weeks before considering their alternative food source. After all, the words of civil rights leader and Howard Thurman are: Do not ask what the world needs, because the world needs to have a man active ... make you what comes alive Please check. This is my book Material Girl, Mysterious Excerpts from the next chapter titled Your Law, Restoring Your Karma , such as the topics explored in the world in detail . In this book, there are also a variety of tools that will help you find a job bo rn in this process, entering the Dharma path. The story of the public is definitely not my problem, this is the reason. No matter how much I am, when I issue something meaningful to me (I want to talk about thinking, thinking about the majority of the content), my voice breaks the collapse of my face. I start to cry Alive has become a winner of this year 's Accio Books event. Thank you for those who organize book drives and send books to life. Affect the lives of many children in San Diego County, with the time, effort and participation of accio books, they will get through the book and support their literacy development. Thank you, happy reading! Books sent to living languages ​​through the Accio Books event will help to tackle the lack of ownership of books in San Diego's service deficient communities. Many of our children's classes do not have their own books. The donation donated by Accio Books gives personal home libraries, perhaps they will have the opportunity t o start the book collection first. Words Alive also planned Mirage Library (we donated a book of activities to distribute in the community) as a way of summer slide at local schools to prevent moon to raise awareness. This tendency is more complicated due to the lack of ownership of the same book and its cause as low income households, its reason is that past students will lose their accomplishments throughout the school during the summer. According to research, accessing books in the summer can prevent reading skills from becoming 'summer slides'

Mental Process Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Mental Process - Research Paper Example In fact, thinking explores everything, including the bizarre and the impossible. People make sense of all empirical experiences and spiced these with theoretical ideation to recreate realities for innovative decision-making. Most decision-making is products of realities that put human beings either at challenging, confrontational, and transformational experiences. Hence, these pushed them to respond in recreating rational models to transform those obsolete and inaccurate models of perceiving the world. Crook and Gunther (2005) shared the perception that latent experiences can be remodeled and recreated to gain competitive leverage again from this complex social environment through sustained experimentation and trailblazing on new thoughts. Researchers opined that intuition and coming up with new ideas is an opportunity to deconstruct old thoughts and adopt new strategic models for distinctive and practical ends (Crook and Gunther, 2005). Experts opined that cognition is always stimulated by some factors and is acted by numerous variables to inspire a person to respond to or to act on it. The manipulation and discernment of information are simple ways in which people are driven to act and to respond to some incitements. For instance, leaders meet, assess trends, deliberate facts, and come up with recommendations that can be used as a blueprint of actions for situations. The outcomes are first being perceived and expected before it’s actualized to generate desired results. Through this, those who are rationalizing the plan, actions and outcome are more knowledgeable of potential opportunities to explore including the potential and intermittent impact of the action. Businessmen can only competitively leverage if they can rationalize decision-making and adopt innovation for competitive leveraging. Hence, they will delve into new models of thoughts to set their creativity at liberty.

Visual analusis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Visual analusis - Essay Example There are beautiful pictures of the Island, which give off a very refreshing feel. Water is shown mostly as it is the main attraction for people, while volcanic mountains are another great attraction and they are showcased too. The pictures are about people having the time of their lives. These images appeal to the fun side of people, showing them the various activities they can participate in. It gives the idea of being close to nature and having as much fun as one wants. However, this is not all the island has to offer, there are other things that are equally important and the one thing that is evident everywhere is the Hawaiian culture. A detailed account of the history of Hawaii is also present on the website to make it easier for people to view ("Hawaiian Islands"). The videos present on the website are up to date and they promote the culture, informing the people about the various spots that should be visited. They let people know about the specialities of Hawaii, convincing them to visit the place. For this purpose, these videos are also made at spots that are very beautiful and serene. The basic thing that is being focusses upon is the peacefulness –as there are beaches to relax on and various spas for massages. It is supposed to be a get-away from the hectic routine and this is exactly what this campaign portrays. Water plays a major role in this. It portrays a very soothing picture and gives a "visual breadth of space" that in turn provides openness and peace to the mind (Keane and Ohashi 150-151). The intended idea is for people to realize that for a certain period of time they will be surrounded by the tranquility of the exotic landscape and culture of Hawaii that will make them forget all their problems and enjoy to the fullest. People can listen to the stories present in the video section of the website and become more confident about choosing Hawaii as a spot for vacations ("Hawaiian Islands"). The text is easy to read, and is

Lefebvre's Ideas about Social Space Imply a Re-Evaluation of the Role Essay

Lefebvre's Ideas about Social Space Imply a Re-Evaluation of the Role of Graffiti in the Politics of City and Urban Life - Essay Example There exists a long history of various cultures leaving symbols and writings of their experiences from the age of the Pharaoh’s Pyramids to Hadrian’s Wall, the Byzantium Empire, and the middle ages. However, it is only half a century ago when graffiti started being linked to the culture of the urban youth as well as the political beliefs of the social movements of the 1960s. Graffiti writers from New York and Philadelphia began to create new and innovative styles with new materials and writing styles. They also made use of increasing spaces in the urban areas. Graffiti soon grew to be a global phenomenon. It is now a common sight in numerous urban areas all over the world. It adorns or disfigures public areas, depending on the viewpoint of the person analysing the works. Graffiti has sometimes been viewed as a disfigurement of the city walls. However, many people simply consider it is a modern way used by the youth to express their viewpoints. Henri Lefebvre separated s pace into three groups: representations of space, spatial practice, and representational space. According to his ideas, every piece of art that is included in the public space will slowly integrate itself into that space, and frequently ends up being a part of that very public space in such a way that it cannot be separated from that place. The import of public art lies in the fact that the more it is integrated, the more effectual the public space will be made, and then both its functional and representative aspects are confirmed. Its importance is also found in its political as well as activist functions, since public art usually denotes the significance of public space. Any work of art that is in the public space tends to acquire its significance when it is recognised as a part of the public. The art works that created in and for the public space, for instance graffiti, are the types of artwork that take into account the framework of urban. They are deemed to be a part of the civ ic realm as they are meant for the public spaces as well as the citizens of the location in which they were created. In that sense, they cannot be differentiated from their public spaces, where by integrating themselves in the public space, they create the identity of that area. It is a common thing for citizens who live near areas that are filled with graffiti start to identify the area by the different drawings on the public walls. The aspect of the ‘lived’ dealt with the third branch of Lefebvre’s triad in comprehending the social space, where he associates it with the representational space. The representational space speaks to the more unstructured and intimate interactions of citizens in its surroundings. Whereas human interventions such as graffiti are delineate the connection that the citizens have with their capital, the theory of Lefebvre’s triad goes further in illuminating that the notion of ‘lived’ has an inclination of going to t he scheme of non-verbal symbols. In that sense, Lefebvre affirmed that this concept stimulates the imaginations that citizens who view them have about themselves (Zukin, 1995). Lefebvre’s theory explored new methods of comprehending of the prevailing procedures of urbanisation, as well as the conditions and outcomes on any scale of the public reality; whether from the operations of daily life, through the municipal scale, to the international flows of capital, people, ideas, and information (Lefebvre, 1996). Concurrently, this premise has the potential to connect urban design and research operations because of its programmatic investigation of the connection between the critique of urbanism, the urban study, and the visualisation of a new kind of

The Effectiveness Of Community Policing

The Effectiveness Of Community Policing After careful analysis of several gathered qualitative studies and views from police officers, politicians, and designated community members, all of which are fluent with the method of community policing, one should conclude that not only the community understands what community policing is, but the community also understands how and why it was implemented, and how it can be measured by its effectiveness to show a continuing pattern; it is a program and method that will continue to change and evolve with newer adaptations and strategies in the future. With the implementation of community policing in Canada, the community has undertaken a general insight of what it is and how it works, however the apparent identity of this new endeavor is misinterpreted and has caused confusion amongst community members as to how it is a visible and usable aspect to the typical policing style in Canada and the United States. There has also been debates regarding the actual implementation of this polic ing method throughout the various communities who have adopted this method; some of the more common concerns are based on measured effectiveness and appropriate use can the police actually use this model effectively? The intelligent answer to this question would not be to look at statistics and studies, but to look at the effective ways this policing technique has been acknowledged by the community; furthermore, understanding what the main goal and definition that community policing carries with its title and reputation, will help further the knowledge and understanding of how it is to be measured and documented in a formal study. The underlining statement is that community policing must not be looked at as a statistic or applicable data entry, but an object that helps the community and policing services provided across the nation to adapt to the ever-changing community needs and demands of todays society. An approach on how to define community policing, so that everyone may understand and benefit from the method, has been defined as, depending on community involvement, community policing is the best way to engage a community and invites its members to participate in law enforcement. (U.S Department of Justice, 2002) The idea behind this concept of community policing is mainly to have the community involved actively with the police, to strive towards a main goal of prevention. The perception of this policing style or method would be commonly seen as confusing, or an undermined effort to help the community (Victor E. Kappeler, 2009); these 3 different categories split the confusion of community policing up into: Team Policing, where an emphasized pattern of round-the-clock policing in a specific geographic location takes effect (Victor E. Kappeler, 2009); Police-Community relation, this is generally geared towards having the community place their input on where the deviant places are an d where a program such as CPTED'(Crime Prevention through Environmental Design) would be most effective to preventing crime (Victor E. Kappeler, 2009); the final cause of confusion lies within crime prevention itself; crime prevention is the general meaning of crime being prevented in high-risk geographical situations (Victor E. Kappeler, 2009). Public perception was arguably one of the most important factors in establishing a strong definition of what community policing was going to do for the community itself; with the ever-growing ethnic diversity throughout the Western World (North America), there is a need to view the police positively (Victor E. Kappeler, 2009). With attitudes in mind, one should realize the utmost importance of how diverse the populous is and its ever-changing subgroup of people, and focusing on why they have conflicting perceptions of the police and the new styles of policing, such as community policing, In dealing with community problems (Benedict, 2000). O vertime the community would both agree and disagree with this particular method involving community policing however, this would be explored and explained through the actual implementation of community policing; the grasp of what the definition of community policing is slowly getting stronger over time with the inclusion of more and more evidence and community participation; ultimately leading a path towards total community participation in crime prevention. Community policing as a whole has had its ups and downs throughout the beginning stages of its implementation, this period of certainty and effectiveness continues today with several studies and debates. Before examining the actual effectiveness of community policing, one ought to review the several dynamic and static ways that community policing strategies and programs were implemented throughout modern societies. In the start of the new style of policing (community policing) there was much hesitance to implement such a venture simply because of the feelings from officers and the hierarchical centralized bureaucracies that are often resistant to change (Chappell, 2009) in policing styles. Allison T. Chappell argues that in order for community policing to be implemented and carried out effectively the officers who use it, must overcome any centralized opinions or views that were taught to them originally (2009). The general idea behind community policing is to step away from the norm al style or traditional style of policing, and move to decentralizing the more common theme of policing styles. Generic studies have tried repeatedly to relate effectiveness with implementation of community policing; the simple fact is that community policing has many faces to its identity and cannot always be identified as an immediate community policing method. Common perspectives and points of view from officers who use the community policing style vary from culture, race, gender and education level, but mainly follow the same systematic approach with the way their specific community is constantly changing from day to day. (Vivian B. Lord, 2008) Research has shown that women and people of a more ethnic background are more tuned into using the community style policing (Vivian B. Lord, 2008); people with higher levels of education are also more likely to resort to using community policing methods due to their nature with higher education and further knowledge on subjects such as so cial interaction (Vivian B. Lord, 2008). A step taken by police forces prior to the implementation of community policing, was analyzing their officers attitudes and thoughts on how an everyday or typical task should be carried out; this ultimately leads to discovering how that particular police department should implement community policing, and furthering the study to the officer, on which type of community policing style would be best fit. (Vivian B. Lord, 2008) Simple steps for implementing policing styles such as community policing, average 8 steps from start to finish: the first step comes from the performance gap identifying such issues as why homicides occur are examples of just attacking the problem, police departments and services need to realize this method and overcome it with details as to where this department is, and how its community policing program should look like (Victor E. Kappeler, 2009). The following step includes the police services and community recognizing a need for change having police officers and community members realize that implementing a community style policing is a new aspect and needs time to overtake the traditional style of policing; this causes the confusion between whether or not community policing is effective. The realization that community policing is now the new style is the second step to making sure community policing is effective (Victor E. Kappeler, 2009). Step three involves creating a proper climate for change the steps involved in making sure this main step is followed through is applying a selling point or a prize-like offering for the new method and what it has to bring; this way officers and police services will be more likely to conform and accept the change in policing style (Victor E. Kappeler, 2009). The fourth step involves bring in what step 2 had; diagnosing the problem this step itself is to bring the community and police together to evaluate what needs to be done in order to achieve its success in crime prevention (Victor E. Kappeler, 2009) The fifth and sixth step both coincide with each other in the ways of identifying alternative strategies and selecting the proper strategy the first part of these steps is reviewing the current strategy of policing, and then looking towards other alternatives to what can be changed; the second aspect of these steps is selecting the more appropriate strategy that can be used to influence a positive reaction of impleme nting community policing (Victor E. Kappeler, 2009). Step seven uses community policing and the objectives of community policing by decentralizing the formal structure of policing and using more common terms such as thinking outside the box and being creative with ideas, when preparing for the implementation of this policing method (Victor E. Kappeler, 2009). The final step in the implementation of community policing is mainly based around evaluating the program and understanding how it works, how it has worked, and how it will work. Understanding these concepts will help produce an accurate way to measure the effectiveness and will also give an understanding as to what should be done to the current style of community policing in regards to changing and shaping it to what the community actually requires/needs to focus on. (Victor E. Kappeler, 2009) The question of whether or not community policing works and can it be measured is constantly being asked by communities, politicians, and even police services who employ or use the community policing method. The simple breakdown of this question leads to the answer that community policing does work and in ways the community has to realize before jumping to a conclusion that it is strictly data that provides concrete evidence. The more common way to reveal how community policing works is to ask and review the answers that a community member would reveal about the topic; examples of this are seen throughout Canada where community policing is a prioritized goal of that particular region or department. In Edmonton, the Edmonton Police Service offers, an exclusive opportunity for individuals with professional or personal interest in community policing to acquire knowledge on police issues, practices and operations in the City of Edmonton. (Edmonton Police Service, 2010) The community prog ram offers several different training requirements to be an active member of a unit involved with community policing, which in the police service located in Edmonton, works on a daily basis and is ever changing. Another city in Canada, Cornwall, Ontario, has had a history of effectiveness with community policing, nearly 2 decades of community oriented policing strategies, in which community involvement has been a key factor in the constant reduction in crime since 1992 (Cornwall Community Police Service, 2010). Measuring effectiveness of community policing extends well past the statistical attributes, and can go as far as the types of programs that have been successful from the beginning and those particular programs that continue to evolve; examples of programs that are community policing oriented and that have spawned from this method, are programs such as CPTED and Drive Wise. Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED) is the single most successful and most recognizabl e form of community policing in todays community. This program itself not only takes in the fundamental basics and requirements for what particular communities need, but the communities that have issues, this program takes in the input and uses that input to change and shape the environment that in the end will help reduce if not eliminate crime in certain areas (Crowe, 2010). In Port Stanley, Ontario, they use community policing methods as the primary tool in their policing and community policing activities; these methods have proved time and time again that community styled and based policing is an effective method of preventing crimes. Port Stanleys community has taken a pro-active approach on crime prevention, and using one of their more notable accomplishments, Port Stanley can show the real effectiveness of community policing: Helped shut down a local drug labà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ the local Community Policing officer to the scene, resulting in charges laid against two people. (Magin nis, 2009) Further statistics that show a significant reduction in crime come from this township again; Port Stanley, back in 1993 had roughly 407 reported crimes in that year (Maginnis, 2009). Looking further through the statistics posted, one should conclude that community policing does take time. Port Stanleys community policing efforts took a 5 year period to reduce crime by nearly 27%, and then continuing to adapt different styles of community policing and eventually leading to an outstanding 66% crime reduction rate over 15years and counting (Maginnis, 2009). This is just a small example of how community policing, given time, can evolve and grow into a great and effective way of policing and crime prevention, given the tools, knowledge, and participation in all. Throughout the analysis of how community policing has been defined, implemented, while facing attitudes from officers, communities and politicians alike, community policing has had long lasting effect, pending the several different aspects of acceptance, implementation, and measured effectiveness. The overall effectiveness is still a young and vulnerable statistic that can be shaped to favor either argument on does it work, however, granting community policing a large enough time span within a decade and with resources to help fund both the police services and communities working together with this method, will eventually lead to a statistical representation and data that is able to accurately show the documented success of community policing and its several programs. Further education amongst the community and police services that do acquire and employ this modern style of policing, is most definitely required to ensure the continuation of how to adapt to the ever-changing community , especially to communities with a diverse cultural background. In the United States, a congressional district representative, Alan Mollohan, mentions that community policing has influenced a significant crime rate drop since 1993 to 2002, this was solely due to the efforts of such programs such as COPS.(Mollohan, 2003) Final reviews on the effectiveness and whether or not the community understands what community policing is, depends on how the policing style was delivered, assessed, and administered; after all, community policing is only possible when the community is a part of the solution.

Tsunamis Essay -- Tsunamis Natural Disasters Nature Essays

Tsunamis Table of Contents  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  1 Introduction:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2 Impact to human life:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  3 Impact to Non-human life:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  4 Impact to the Environment:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  7 Impact to the Economy:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  8 American Red Cross Assistance:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  9 Conclusion:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  13 Bibliography:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  14 Introduction: A massive Tsunami (Japanese for â€Å"Harbor wave†) had hit southern Asia the day after Christmas 2004. The cause of the Tsunami was an offshore earthquake that results in the tectonic plates being displaced and the creation of a vertical shift in the ocean floor. This vertical shift lead to a large volume of water being uplifted and turned to create a huge wave that traveled up to 300 miles per hour, gradually slowing as it reached the shore. At that time, people in the coastal areas were not aware of the terror that they were about to endure. They received no warnings of the tsunami. Unfortunately, 10 meters of the wave caught many people by surprise, as they looked dumfounded when the ocean engulfed them whole. To date this disaster is believed to have killed over three hundred thousand people, marking itself as one of the most devastating Tsunamis ever. The waves from the Tsunami destroyed everything in their path and drowned most innocent living things with it. It has now been concluded that the earthquake, which caused this Tsunami, was probably twice as strong as originally estimated - a magnitude 9.15 instead of 9.0. Much of the slippage along the fault is believed to have taken place as much as a half an hour after the initial quake and continued up to three hours afterward. Additionally, it is feared that earthquake could continue to affect the region for many years and could trigger more large quakes (Eric P H Yap, 2005).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It is believed that some areas were harder hit, by the Tsunami’s strength, than others due to coastal commercial development. The development of coastal areas damages or totally destroys much of the surrounding coral reefs. Certain areas, such as in the Maldives, still have a network of coral reefs and intact mangroves that may have protected the island from the open sea. "Poorly planned coastal development has compounded the impact of the tsunami," said Mubariq Ahmad, Head of WWF Indonesia. "It is vital that we don't make the mistakes of the past. We need to rebuild in a sustainable and safe way (Le Tourneau Gore, 2005).† Impact to human life: Th... ... MESBAHI of Share The World s Resource s (STWR). "The tsunami and Brandt Report :[1 Edition]. " Papua - New Guinea Post - Courier 7 February 2005. ProQuest Newsstand. ProQuest. "UN: Rehabilitation of severely affected mangroves would help speed recovery from tsunami, says food and agriculture organization. " M2 Presswire 20 January 2005. ProQuest Newsstand. ProQuest. Rinne, Pasi et al. After the Tsunami: Rapid Environmental Assessment. United Nations Environment Programme. 2005. Eric Bellman in Lake Hikkaduwa, Sri Lanka, and Timothy Mapes in Banda Aceh, Indonesia. "Tsunami Aftermath: Scarred Earth: Will Nature Bounce Back?; Salt Water and Debris Alter Ecosystems Threatening Fields, Reefs and Forests. " Asian Wall Street Journal [New York, N.Y.] 17 Jan. 2005,A.5. ProQuest Newsstand. ProQuest. Animal Planet News. Slow Recovery for Seal Life. 12 Jan.2005. 30 May 2005. Animal Friends Croatia. Tsunamis killed animals, too! 30 May 2005. Animal Planet News. Tsunamis Destroy Sea Life. 3 Jan. 2005. Animal Planet News. Sri Lankan Wildlife Avoided the Tsunamis. 4 Jan 2005. 30 May 2005. Donaldson-Evans, Catherine. Tsunami Animals: A Sixth Sense? 9 Jan. 2005. 30 May 2005.

A Review of Literature on Juvenile Delinquency Essay

Article: Depression and delinquency covariation in an accelerated longitudinal sample of adolescents. The most common co-occurring mental health disorder for juveniles is depression and delinquent behaviors. Juvenile depression symptoms were used to predict patterns of age related changes in delinquency. Juveniles especially females who display depressive symptoms are at greater risk of developing and or partaking in delinquent behaviors. Approximately 76% of cases brought to the juvenile courts in the United States of America are adjudicated delinquent. In the United State of America approximately 1,660,700 juveniles are adjudicated delinquent in 2004. Between 40 and 60 percent of juveniles are maltreated. 5-10% of juveniles that have been diagnoses with depression have been found to be six times more likely to commit a delinquent act. 63% of the juveniles have experienced maltreatment in some way. ADHD has not been proven to cause juvenile delinquency. Juveniles that are delinquent have been found to have some type of childhood depression. These juveniles have serious mental help issues. Article: Predicting juvenile delinquency: The nexus of childhood maltreatment, depression and bipolar disorder There is a connection between juveniles with mental health disorders and delinquent behavior. A juvenile diagnosed with depression or bipolar is more likely to commit delinquent behavior. Professional adults who notice symptoms of depression, bipolar, and maltreatment in juveniles and then work with them in some cases can prevent the delinquent behavior. Top two main issues with juveniles are behavior and depression. Female have a higher increase with chances symptoms between the ages of 11-15. As aging happens males tend to have an increase of delinquency and females an increase of depression. Depression is a risk factor for juveniles that can increase delinquent behavior. Delinquent adolescents with mental health problems can suffer from the two most common issues depression and delinquent behavior/conduct. Genetic factors therefore account for approximately 35% of the relation between depressive and delinquency symptoms, but do not inform the temporal ordering of symptom presentation or the potential for using symptoms of one syndrome to predict future symptoms of the other. Specifically, males have the higher rate of reported delinquent behavior in comparison to females. Depression play a huge role in the possible purpose of juveniles becoming delinquent, when the juvenile(s) began to act disruptive on a routine then an evaluation and intervention should be considered. Article: Disentangling the relationship between child maltreatment and violent delinquency Physical abuse of children and or juveniles does not have an effect on whether or not the juvenile will display violent delinquency. Juveniles who have suffered from maltreatment or more likely to participate in violent delinquency. Females who have suffered from maltreatment are just as likely or more likely to participate in delinquent behavior then males. Signs of aggression before age 8-10 has shown higher rate of adult antisocial behavior. Sings of aggression between ages 5-7 is a prediction of frequent drug users. Over the years aggression is believed to stable. Ethnicity can play a role in the aggressiveness of juveniles/adults. Males have aggressive behavior which puts them a high risk for behavior problems, drug use, and delinquent behavior if not addressed. It is reported that there is a higher rate of males using substance from a two parent home, and a lower rate of males coming from a single-parent home. Article: Recidivism in subgroups of serious juvenile offenders: There are four different subgroups of juveniles that were looked at: Property offenders, sex offenders, serious violent offenders, and violent property offenders. Violent property offenders had the highest number of risk factors Recidivism of juveniles was looked at differently due to the low amount of recidivism there is in individuals who commit these crimes. Approximately 2.3 juveniles that are arrested are under the age of 18. 30-50% of juvenile offenders has a recorded disability and is at a higher chance of special education disability. Special education disability / socioeconomic status / criminality in family / and foster care are higher chance of being chronic  offenders in juveniles. Arrest before 14 years are less likely to become adult offenders later in life. The experience of being in a foster care increases the change of delinquency than a juvenile with no family felony. If the juvenile has a family history of criminal behavior the possibly is high that the juvenile will also carry the same behavior. Juvenile that is an offender tends to have more of a special education disability in comparison to someone who is not an offender. It is believed that socioeconomic status could be related to the juvenile offending. Juvenile Delinquency A number of juveniles displaying delinquent behaviors is incredibly high. As of 2001 the amount of individuals under the age of 18 arrested for violent crimes was approximately 2.3 million (Alltucker, Bullis, Close, & Yovanoff, 2006). What role does the environment play in the later juvenile delinquency, and can delinquency be prevented? This paper explores that question using three different themes. First, the various types of abuse and the effect on delinquency are discussed. Second, the link between depression and delinquency is examined. Finally, the importance of recognizing and preventing juvenile delinquency is addressed. Child Abuse and Subsequent Juvenile Delinquency In the United States there are approximately one million children per year are reportedly victims of child abuse. While there is a connection between physical abuse and later violent acts, the article by Yun, Ball, & Lim (2011), contends that sexual abuse and emotional neglect are more significant in predicting future violent and criminal behavior than physical abuse alone. Alltucker, et., al (2006) agree that sexual, physical, and emotional abuse all contribute to some form of delinquent behaviors in juveniles. The article by Mallet, Stoddard Dare, & Seck (2009) indicates that between 40 and 60 percent of sentenced delinquents have been abused or neglected in some form. However, victims of sexual abuse are not likely to become delinquent. It is clear from the literature that maltreatment of children in general has a negative effect on their development, but there is inconsistency in the research as to which form of abuse plays the most important role in delinquency. Depression and Delinquency Due to research increasing public awareness, symptoms of depression and other mental health issues are being noticed at a younger age. Young people displaying symptoms of depression are likely to experience academic problems as well as substance abuse issues. These are a few behaviors considered as delinquent. Depressed adolescents may express their frustrations through behaving aggressively and breaking the rules in their home environment. Consequently these behaviors cause conflict with parents or guardians and can eventually lead to involvement in delinquent acts. (Kofler, et al., 2011). Mallet, et al (2006) reported between 40 and 70 percent of incarcerated juvenile offenders suffered from emotional and behavioral problems prior to arrest. In fact, compared to general offenders, 46 percent of juvenile offenders are reported as having shown signs of depression or other emotional difficulties (Alltucker, et al., 2006). Symptoms of depression and delinquency covary and diagnoses co-occur often enough that it cannot be contributed to chance. Over 30 percent of young people meeting the criteria for depressive disorder also meet criteria for a conduct disorder. In addition, over 50 percent of adolescents diagnosed with conduct disorder also exhibit the symptoms that meet criteria for depression (Kofler, et al., 2006). Identifying and Preventing Delinquency Being able to recognize who is at risk of delinquent behavior is the first step towards prevention. Identifying risk factors in children is imperative in preventing juveniles from becoming involved in the criminal justice system. Also, it enables practitioners and therapists to notice which children are most at risk and what type of measures are necessary in preventing delinquency (Mallet, et al., 2006). Intervening before the juvenile reaches the age of adulthood and becomes a chronic criminal is a major goal in place to protect the rest of society. One of the predictors of being a lifetime offender is what age the juvenile is upon his or her first arrest. In 2001, the amount of people arrested for violent crimes were under the age of 18 (Alltucker, et al., 2006). A review of an article by O’Donnell, Hawkins, & Abbott (1995) states there can be an early onset of aggression in children between the ages of 8-10. Aggression at this age puts the child at higher risk of severe juv enile delinquency and also  antisocial behavior in adulthood. Conclusion Upon reviewing the literature it is apparent that abuse, neglect, and mental health problems all play a role in juveniles becoming delinquent. Current research on this pressing and difficult issue is only a small portion of a vast range of theories about delinquency. Delinquency in juveniles is a dynamic, multifaceted problem with numerous potentially causal factors. References Alltucker, K. W., Bullis, M., Close, D., & Yovanoff, P. (2006). Different pathways to juvenile delinquency: Characteristics of early and late starters in a sample of previously incarcerated youth. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 15(4), 479-492. Kofler, M. J., McCart, M. R., Zajac, K., Ruggiero, K. J., Saunders, B. E., & Kilpatrick, D. G. (2011). Depression and delinquency covariation in an accelerated longitudinal sample of adolescents. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 79(4), 458-469. Mallet, C. A., Stoddard Dare, P., & Seck, M. M. (2009). Predicting juvenile delinquency: The nexus of childhood maltreatment, depression and bipolar disorder. Criminal Behavior and Mental Health, 22(2), 235-246. Yun, I., Ball, J. D., & Lim, H. (2011). Disentangling the relationship between child maltreatment and violent delinquency: Using a nationally representative sample. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 26(1), 88-110.